牛津深圳版八年级下册英语(沈阳广东上海通用)期末复习Unit1 Helping those in need单元总结附答案 不定式的用法 Grammar 一、一些动词常接动词不定式作宾语,如 want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare 等。 例:I like to go out for walks in the warm sunshine in spring. My mother hates to move from place to place, for she feels tired. I decide to work hard and get doctor’s degree. 注:有些动词后面可接不定式作宾语,也可接动名词作宾语,但所表达的意义不同。常见的有: (1)stop to do sth.停止正在做的事,去做另一件事;stop doing sth. .停止正在做的事 (2)go on to do sth. 做完一件事后,继续做另一件事;go on doing sth.继续做同一件事 (3)remember/forget to do sth.记住/忘记去做某事; remember/forget doing sth. 记得/忘记做过某事 二 、 不 定 式 结 构 中 , 不 定 式 前 加 一 个 疑 问 代词 ( what, which, who, whom, whose ) 或 疑 问 副 词 (where, when, how, why),以及连词 whether 构成特殊的不定式短语,其作用相当于一个从句,这样的 不定式短语常在某些动词后面作宾语。 常见的可以接这种不定式短语的动词有: know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, hear, imagine, learn, remember, think, understand, wonder 等。 例: I couldn’t decide which book to choose. I can tell you where to get this book. They found it hard to decide whether to go swimming next Sunday or to visit Aunt Sally in New Year. 三、有些动词,如 tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call 等可接带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语,构成 tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构。 例:He asked you to call him at ten o’clock. I’d never allow my children to behave like that. 注意: 劢词丌定式作使役劢词和感官劢词的宾语补足语时应省去 to,在被劢语态中应加上 to。这些劢词可归纳为“一 感(feel),二听(listen to, hear),三让(let, make, have,,四看(look at, see, watch, notice),半帮劣(help)(即在劢词 help 后面作宾语补足语时,to 可有可无)”。另有口诀帮劣记忆:“感使劢词真奇怪,to 在句中像妖怪, 主 劢句中 to 离开,被劢句中 to 回来。”(let 丌用亍被劢语态) 例:Whenever something is wrong with you, please let me know. I will have the students write a passage about Internet. 四、动词不定式还可表目的 例:In his third year,he left Harvard to work for a company called Microsoft. 在三年级时,他为了去微软公司工作而离开了哈佛大学。
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