高二英语复习教案(6)
(SB2-units11-12)
一、单元考点提示
1.词汇
anxious, expect, fortunately, warn, per, likely, normal, strike, path, block, plastic, death(作可数名词),altogether, strike, take the place of, be anxious about, press against, up to, be likely to do sth., offer… to…, call in, take the place of, clear away, cut through, return to normal, warn sb. (not) to do sth., push over/down, bring/ blow down, breath, dish, recent, exact, pale flow, attack, so as to, the other day, keep, escape from, be about to do sth., stare straight at,bend over, go cold, throw at, attract one’s attention, look into, to be safe, fit sth. into, lie still, struggle to one’s feet, speed up
2.句型
(1)It’s likely that…
(2)Sb./Sth. is likely to do…
(3)Fortunately/Surprisingly.
(4)I’m thinking of…
(5)There isn’t a moment to lose.
3.语法
(1)过去分词作宾补
(2)复习7—11单元出现的重点语法项目
4.交际用语
(1)Is there anything the matter?
(2)There’s no need to be worried.
(3)I’ve been anxious about you.
(4)复习7—11单元出现的日常交际用语
二、考点精析与拓展
1. block
①用作名词,意为“块;街区;阻塞。”如:
a block of ice/stone/wood 一大块冰/石头/木头;two blocks两个街区;a block in traffic/a traffic block交通堵塞。
②用作动词,表示“阻塞,阻拦”。如:
be blocked by the heavy snow被大雪堵塞,block the entrance 堵塞入口;Block!(路标)此路不通!
【应用】完成句子
①道路被人群挤得水泄不通。
The road_______ _______with crowds of people.
②那家旅馆同这里隔着两条街。
The hotel is __________ _________ __________.
③他们用石块将洞口堵住。
They ________ (up)the entrance to the cave with big rocks.
④有人在妨碍我们实施计划。
Someone is _________our plan.
Key:①was, blocked ②two, blocks,away
③blocked ④blocking
2. blow
①用作动词,表示“吹风,刮风”。如:
blow hard(strongly)风刮得很大;blow away the leaves吹走树叶;blow down(over)trees 把树刮倒;blow in much dust吹进灰尘;blow off one’s hat吹掉帽子;blow out the candle吹灭蜡烛;blow open(风吹)开;blow up爆炸
②用作名词,表示“打击,一击”。如:be a great blow to sb.对某人是个巨大的打击;give sb.a heavy blow on the head重重地打某人的头。
【应用】完成句子
①他妻子之死对他是一大打击。
His wife’s death was _______ _________ ________ ______him.
②我那顶帽子被风吹掉了。
I _______my hat __________ ___________.
③风刮得厉害,门吹开了。
The wind was ________ __________ and the door ________.
④战士们把敌人的大桥炸毁了。
The soldiers __________ __________the enemy’s bridge.
Key:①a ,great, blow, to ②had, blown, off
③blowing, hard, blew, open ④blew, up
3. strike
A.用作及物或不及物动词
①表示“敲、打、击”。如:
The teacher truck the table whenever he was angry.
教师一生气就敲桌子。
Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。
②表示“(钟)打点,鸣”。如:
The clock has just struck twelve.十二点的钟声刚刚响过。
③表示“打动,给……以深刻印象,迷住”。如:
What struck us most was the great number of bicycles on the street.
给我们印象最深的就是街上的自行车非常多。
Visitors to Hangzhou are usually struck by the beautiful scenery.到杭州的游客常被那里的美景迷住。
I am struck by Annie’s honesty. 我被安妮的诚实所打动。
④表示“(蛇、兽)咬,抓”。如:
His cousin was said to be struck by a snake.
据说他的表姐被蛇咬伤了。
⑤表示“罢工”。
Workers often strike in that country.
那个国家的工人经常罢工。
短语:strike at 朝…… 打击;strike against撞……;strike sb. on the head打某人的头。
B.用作名词:
go on strike举行罢工;be on strike 在罢工
【应用】完成句子
①他抓起一根棍子向我打来。
He seized a stick and ________ ________me .
②孩子的头撞在墙上。
The child’s head ________ _______the wall.
③售货员为提高工资而罢工。
The salesmen _______ ________ ________ for higher pay.
④铁路工人正在罢工。
The railway workers _________ _________ ________.
Key:①struck,at ②struck, against
③went, on, strike ④are, on, strike
4. anxious, eager
两个词均有“渴望,急于”之意。anxious 着重指焦急、着急或担心;而eager着重指对成功的期望或进取的热情。两者都多用作表语,其主语通常是人,不能以无生命的事物作主语。对比:
He is eager to join the army.他渴望参军。
He is anxious to know whether he has been chosen.
他急于知道是否被选上了。
常用搭配:
①be anxious to do sth.渴望急切地做某事;
be anxious for渴望(了解、得到);
be anxious about担心,对……感到不安
②be eager to do sth.急切地想做某事;
be eager for (about, after)渴望,渴求,
be eager for your help渴望得到你的帮助;
be eager about peace渴望和平
①学生们都急切地想知道考试结果。
The students ________ ________ ________ ________ the results ofthe examination.
②那个小男孩渴望得到一台新录音机。
The little boy was ________ ________a new recorder.
③我很担心我儿子的健康。
I’m ________ ________my son’s health.
④他殷切希望女儿的成功。
He is __________ _________ his daughter’s success.
Key:①are, anxious(eager),to ,know
②anxious(eager),for
③anxious, about
④eager, for(about, after)
5.表示“没必要做某事”的4种 句型
①There be no need(for sb.) to do sth.
②It be not necessary(for sb.)to do sth.
③主语+don’t/ doesn’t/ didn’t have to do sth.
④主语+needn’t+动词原形
[应用]一句多译:我们没有必要再等了。
Key:There is no need for us to wait.
It’s not necessary for us to wait.
We don’t have to wait.
We need not wait.
6.如何表示“大约”
about,around,some,or so均可来表示“大约”。前三个词通常放在被修饰成分之前,而or so多置于其后。如:
about one hundred students大约100名学生;
at around eight o’cloch在大约八点钟;
some twenty years ago 大约二十年前;
[应用]一句多用:这件设备重10吨左右。
Key:This piece of equipment weighs some 10 tons.
This piece of equipment weighs 10 tons or so.
This piece of equipment weighs about (around)10 tons.
7.request
request 用作名词,也可用作动词,均表示“请求”。如:
make a request for…请求、要求得到……;request sth.from sb.向某人要求某物;request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事;request that…(从句中应使用should型虚拟语气,should可省略);
[应用]完成句子
①下岗工人请求得到帮助。
The workers out of work______ ______ ______ ______help.
②要求学生们不要触摸实验室里的任何东西。
Students_______ ________not to touch anything in the lab.
③我父母要求我再学一门外语。
My parents requested that______ ______ _______a second foreign language.
My parents_______me______ ______a second foreign language.
Key:①made,a,request,for ②are,requested
③I,should,learn/requested,to,learn
8.awake,wake
①awake用作及物或不及物动词,表示“叫醒,唤醒;醒来”;而wake表示相同意义时,必须与up连用,对比:
The noise awoke me./The noise woke me up.
嗓音把我闹醒。
She usually awakes at six in the morning./She usually wakes up at six in the morning.她通常早上6点醒。
注意:awake 不与up连用;wake up 的宾语是人称代词时必须置于两个词之间。误:wake up him正:wake him up
②awake 还可用作形容词,只用作表语或后置定语,不能用作前置定语。其反义词是 asleep.如:
Is he awake or asleep?他睡着了还是醒着?
Anyone awake heard the sound.任何醒着的人都听到了那个声音。
注意:wide/fully awake 完全醒着;sound/fast/deeply asleep熟睡
[应用]完成句子
①他醒来时,他母亲在他的旁边。
When he_______,his mother was beside him.
②我彻夜未眠,一直在考虑这个问题。
I have lain_______all night thinking of the problem.
③他突然醒了,好象有人叫他的名字。
He ________ ________suddenly,as if someone had called his name.
④她睡着的时候谁也叫不醒他。
No one can_______ _______ ________when she is asleep.
Key:①awoke ②awake ③woke up ④wake,her,up
9.moment短语归纳
for a moment 一会儿;in a moment一会儿之后;a few moments alter过一会儿;a moment ago刚才;at any moment随时,立刻;at the moment此刻,现在;at that very moment 就在那时。
注意:the moment可起连词作用,表示“一……就”。如:
The moment the teacher entered the classroom,the students stood up.
老师一进教室,学生们就站起来了。
[应用]完成句子
①你最好不要离开,主席随时会到这里。
The chairman will be here______ ______ ______,so you’d better not be off.
②我稍等一下,他一会儿就到。
Just______ ______,he will come here______ a moment.
Key:①at,any,moment ②a, moment,in
10.look at,stare at,glance at
look at指把眼睛转向目标,译成“看,看着”;stare at 表示由于吃惊、害怕或深思而张大眼睛看,译成“盯着,注视,凝视”,glance at指“匆匆一看,一瞥”。对比:
She stared at the footprint,full of fear.
她两眼盯着脚印,满心恐惧。
I’d like to look at your photo.
我想看看你的照片。
The middle-aged woman glanced at her watch and hurried off.
那位中年妇女匆匆看了一下表就离开了。
注意搭配:stare straight at 直直地盯着;stare into space凝视着空中;stare sb.in the face 盯着某人的脸看;stare sb.up and down.上下打量某人;glance over(through)a letter匆匆阅读一封信;glance round a room匆匆环视房间;at a glance 一看就……;give/take a glance at 对……匆匆一看。
[应用]完成句子
①她凝视远方,在思考着
She was ________ ________the distance,thinking.
②她羞涩地从她的扇子后面看了他一眼。
She ______shyly______him form behind her fan.
Key:①staring,into ②glanced,at
11.frighten
用作动词,frighten表示“吓唬、使惊恐” 。如:
frighten the birds away 把鸟吓跑;be frightened by 被……吓坏;be frightened of sb./sth.害怕某人/物;be firghtened at因……而受到惊吓;be frightened off away被吓跑了;be frightened to dath被吓死;frighten sb.into(doing) sth.吓得某人做某事。
辨析:frightened, frightening:前者表示“感到恐惧、害怕”,后者表示“令人惧怕”。对比:
frightened children吓坏了孩子;
frightening voice令人恐惧的声音;
her frightened look
她那恐惧的样子(自己内心害怕所显露出的表情)。
her frightening look她那可怕的样子(其样子使别人害怕)
[应用]完成句子
①那可怕的声音使我非常恐惧.
The _______ voice made me very ________.
②他吓得那个老太太签署了那份文件。
He _______ the old lady _______ ________ the paper.
③她看到蛇吓坏了。
She________ ____________ the sight of a snake.
④你怕老虎吗?
Are you __________ ________ tigers?
Key:①frightening , frightened ②frightened, into, signing
③was, frightened, at ④frightened, of
12. war, battle, fight, struggle
war指战争的总体;battle指war中的战斗或战役;fight指具体的人与人之间或动物之间的争斗;struggle指长时间、激烈的争斗,多指肉体、精神上的战斗。对比:
We have had two world wars in this century.
本世纪已有两次世界大战。
They were wounded in the battle.
他们在战斗中受了伤。
We have started a fight against pollution.
我们已开始了一场消除污染的斗争。
His life was a hard struggle with sickness.
他一生跟疾病作了艰苦的斗争。
[应用]英译汉
①in time of war ②be at war
③declare war on… ④fight a battle
⑤give/offer battle ⑥have a hand-to-hand fight
Key:①战时 ②交战,在打仗
③对……宣战 ④打一仗 挑战
⑤肉搏战
13. run out, run out of
二者均表示“用完、耗尽”,但run out不及物,同give out, run short;而run out of及物,相当于use up, run short of。对比:Money is running out.钱快用光了。We’re running out of money.我们的钱快用光了。
All the money has given out./All the money has been used up.所有的钱已花光。
The oil is running short.油快用完了。
He is running short of oil.他快把油用完了。
[应用]一句多译:两周过去了,他们的食品用完了。
Key:Two weeks passed, and their food ran out.
Two weeks passed, and they ran out of the food.
Two weeks passed, and their food gave out.
Two weeks passed, and their food had been used up.
Two weeks passed, and their food ran short.
Two weeks passed, and they ran short of the food.
14. struggle短语归纳
struggle可用作名词或动词,表示“斗争,奋斗,挣扎”。如:take up the struggle开始斗争;after a struggle经过战斗;through struggle通过斗争;struggle with sb.与某人搏斗;struggle against difficulties/death/illness/nature/strong winds与困难/死亡/疾病/自然界作斗争/与大风搏斗;struggle for a living/freedom为生活而挣扎/为自由而斗争;struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来。
[应用]完成句子
①我们一路上不得不与大风搏斗。
We had to _________ ________ strong winds all the way.
②老太太挣扎着站起来,向家里走去。
The old woman _________ ________ ________ ________and struggled along the road to her home.
Key:①struggle, against
②struggled, to, her, feet
15.动词+at
动词+at, 其中的at多表示“目标,方向”。如:
shout at朝……喊;laugh at 嘲笑;throw at 朝……扔;shoot at朝……射击;point at指着;aim at瞄准;call at拜访;stare at盯着;glance at一瞥;take a look at 看一眼;pull at 拉,扯;arrive at到达;come at 朝……起来;tear at撕,扯
[应用]完成句子
①别对那孩子大声嚷嚷,你吓坏她了。
Don’t ________ ________ the girl. You frightened her.
②他被朋友们嘲笑了。
He _________ _________ _________ by his friends.
Key:①shout, at ②was, laughed, at
16. carry短语归纳
carry away拿走,带走;carry on(with)one’s work继续工作;carry on a struggle/fight 开展斗争;carry on a big business经营大生意;carry out a plan/order/promise/instructions/one’s duty/an experiment/advices/tests执行计划/执行命令/履行诺言/执行指示/履行职责/做实验/按建议办/进行试验;be carried up into space被发射升空。
[应用]介、副词填空
①It’s often easier to make plans than it is to carry them______.
②Let’s stop here. We’ll carry________ the conversation tomorrow.
③Carry the baby _______. It’s dangerous here.
④Rising costs made it hard to carry ________ the business.
⑤They decided to carry ________ though the weather was bad.
Key:①out ②on ③away ④on ⑤on
三、精典名题导解
题1 (NMET 2000)
The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see________the next year.
A.carry out B.carrying out
C.carried out D.to carry out
分析:C。plan后为定语从句。这个定语从句中包含一个固定的结构,补全应为see the plan carried out。
题2 (上海 1998)
Mr Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine he had had_________went wrong again.
A.it B.it repaired C.repaired D.to be repaired
分析:C。句中“he had had_________”是定语从句,修饰先行词the washing machine,省略了关系代词that(which)。在定语从句中,关系代词作had had的宾语,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。
题3 (上海 2002)
He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _________ from the university next year.
A.will graduate B.will have graduated
C.graduates D.is to graduate
分析:A。表示对未来的推测。
题4 (NMET 1994)
I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If the _________, she would have met my brother.
A.has come B.did come C.come D.had come
分析:D。I didn’t see中已确定时间发生在过去且从条件状语从句和意义可以看出表示的是非真实的条件,即是虚拟。
题5 (NMET 1995)
I don’t think Jim saw me; he_______into space.
A.just stared B.was just staring
C.has just stared D.had just stared
分析:B。句中的stare意为“凝视”,just 不是“刚刚”的意义,此时just意为“只不过”,强调那时的动作。
题6 (上海 2002)
In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving __________ their products more competitive.
A.to make B.making C.to have made D.having made
分析:A。strive to do sth..“努力做某事”,根据题意,选 A。
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